Lipopolysaccharides derived from gram-negative bacterial pool of human gut microbiota promote inflammation and obesity development
Liyu Du, Xi Lei, Jie Wang, Li Wang, Qingping Zhong, Xiang Fang, Pan Li, Du Bing, Yutao Wang, Zhenlin Liao
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. It is found from intestinal microbes in the circulatory system and considered a trigger factor for low-grade inflammation in obesity. High-fat diet intake and its related obesity can cause gut microbiota disorder, leading to increased gut permeability, paracellular absorption and transcellular transport of endogenous endotoxin in the cardiovascular system. High-fat diet intake can also increase plasma LPS levels, and causing chronic or "low-grade" inflammation. In this review article, we summarize the recent research advancements on the mechanism of low-grade inflammation and its related obesity. We also propose several approaches that can be used to reduce endogenous endotoxin absorption.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/08830185.2021.1996573 .