RETRACTED ARTICLE: Enhanced optical and thermal conductivity properties of barium titanate ceramic via strontium doping for thermo-optical applications
Mohammed Tihtih, Jamal Eldin F. M. Ibrahim, Mohamed A. Basyooni, Redouane En‐nadir, Walid Belaid, M Abdelfattah, Irina Hussainova, Gábor Pszota, István Kocserha
Abstract
Abstract In this study, we prepared a homogeneous fine powder of barium titanate (BaTiO 3 , BT) doped with different concentrations of strontium (x = 0, 0.05, 0.125, 0.15, 0.20, and 0.3) and having the composition Ba 1-x Sr x TiO 3 (barium strontium titanate, BSr x T). XRD patterns and Rietveld refinement revealed the existence of a single tetragonal phase structure for BSrxT, x = 0–20%, and a single cubic structure for BSr30%T. The physical properties of the pure and doped mixtures were studied. The results showed that the addition of strontium to the physical properties of BaTiO 3, including the apparent porosity, bulk density, linear shrinkage, and water absorption have been changed when increasing the Sr content. Moreover, the inclusion of 15% Sr in BaTiO 3 increases the apparent porosity and water absorption of the sample to 6.2 and 28.5%, respectively. The optical properties were investigated by Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and it was found that the optical band gap decreases significantly with increasing Sr concentration, from 3.10 for pure BaTiO 3 to 2.46 eV for the BSr30%T compound. The thermal conductivity measurements showed that the doping mechanism and the increased temperature have a significant effect on the thermal conductivity results of the fabricated ceramic materials. Therefore, it was found that the value of thermal conductivity increases with increasing Sr doping and at higher temperatures. A correlated behavior of optimum values is observed in band gap energy, absorption, and thermal conductivity which can be exploited for thermo-optical applications.