Progressive improvement of the water quality criteria of Lake Manzala, Egypt

Abstract

Lake Manzala is considered the largest natural lake in the Nile delta region, north of Egypt. It is very important from the environmental, economical, and sociological aspects. An ambitious development enterprise was carried out during the 2017-2022 period to recover its original size, quality, and role in the environment. The current work was conducted to report the physicochemical, petroleum hydrocarbon, and elemental level status of the lake ecosystem in 2019 during the development activities. The pollution status was evaluated using the pollution risk indices. Pollutants were swept out of the lake due to the development activities, forming promising results.

Topics & Concepts