A SARS-CoV-2 antibody broadly neutralizes SARS-related coronaviruses and variants by coordinated recognition of a virus-vulnerable site
Taishi Onodera, Shunsuke Kita, Yu Adachi, Saya Moriyama, Akihiko Sato, Takao Nomura, Shuhei Sakakibara, Takeshi Inoue, Takashi Tadokoro, Yuki Anraku, Kohei Yumoto, Cong Tian, Hideo Fukuhara, Michihito Sasaki, Yasuko Orba, Nozomi Shiwa, Naoko Iwata, Noriyo Nagata, Tateki Suzuki, Jiei Sasaki, Tsuyoshi Sekizuka, Keisuke Tonouchi, Lin Sun, Shuetsu Fukushi, Hiroyuki Satofuka, Yasuhiro Kazuki, Mitsuo Oshimura, Tomohiro Kurosaki, Makoto Kuroda, Yoshiharu Matsuura, Tadaki Suzuki, Hirofumi Sawa, Takao Hashiguchi, Katsumi Maenaka, Yoshimasa Takahashi
Abstract
gene that potently neutralized SARS-related coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 variants. X-ray crystallography revealed coordinated recognition by the heavy chain of non-RBS conserved sites and the light chain of RBS with a binding angle mimicking the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. The minimum footprints in the hypervariable region of RBS contributed to the breadth of neutralization, which was enhanced by immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3) class switching. The coordinated binding resulted in broad neutralization of SARS-CoV and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Low-dose therapeutic antibody treatment in hamsters reduced the virus titers and morbidity during SARS-CoV-2 challenge. The structural basis for broad neutralizing activity may inform the design of a broad spectrum of therapeutics and vaccines.