A 6.78-MHz Wireless Power Transfer System With Dual-Output Resonant Current-Mode Regulating Rectifier and Transmission Power Regulation
Dao-Han Yao, Tzu-Ning Liu, Makoto Takamiya, Po-Hung Chen
Abstract
This paper introduces a 6.78-MHz wireless power transfer (WPT) system for implantable medical devices (IMDs). The proposed dual-output resonant current-mode (RCM) rectifier cumulates energy from loosely-coupled coils and generates two output voltages (VH = 3-V, VL = 1.8-V) regulated by adaptive power control (APC) and local-loop power control. Due to transmission power regulation (TPR), the transmitter ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{X}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) delivers appropriate power to the receiver ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{X}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) to realize global-loop power control. Thus, the power transfer efficiency (PTE) is improved, especially under light load. Furthermore, zero-voltage switching and zero-current switching techniques enhance <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${R} _{X}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> power conversion efficiency (PCE). <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{X}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R_{X}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> chips were fabricated in a 0.18- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process. The measurement results show that the proposed WPT system successfully regulates outputs at VH = 3-V and VL = 1.8-V at a 1.5-cm coupling distance. With the proposed TPR, PTE is improved by 28.2% at PTOTAL = 1.6-mW, and input power is reduced by 94.8% at PTOTAL = 1-mW. The measured peak PCE and peak PTE are 85.1% and 31.3% at a coil distance of 10-mm, respectively.