Enrofloxacin Induces Intestinal Microbiota-Mediated Immunosuppression in Zebrafish
Wenhui Qiu, Tang Liu, Xinjie Liu, Honghong Chen, Shusheng Luo, Qiqing Chen, Jason T. Magnuson, Chunmiao Zheng, Elvis Genbo Xu, Daniel Schlenk
Abstract
were significantly correlated with immunosuppressive biomarkers, including a significant decrease in the abundance of macrophages and neutrophils. To validate the immunomodulatory effects due to altered intestinal microbial populations, zebrafish reared under sterile and non-sterile husbandry conditions were compared after ENR treatment. A significant inhibitory effect was induced by ENR treatment under non-sterile conditions, while the number of macrophages and neutrophils, as well as biomarkers of immunosuppressive effects, were significantly salved in zebrafish under sterile conditions, confirming for the first time that immunosuppression by ENR was closely mediated through alterations of the intestinal microbiome in fish.