Roles of cell fusion, hybridization and polyploid cell formation in cancer metastasis
Ivan Shabo, Joar Svanvik, Annelie Lindström, Tanguy Lechertier, Sara Maria David Trabulo, James Hulit, Tim Sparey, John M. Pawelek
Abstract
and clinical evidence that fusion of cancer cells with motile leucocytes such as macrophages plays a major role in cancer metastasis. Of the many changes in cancer cells after hybridizing with leucocytes, it is notable that hybrids acquire resistance to chemo- and radiation therapy. One phenomenon that has been largely overlooked yet plays a role in these processes is polyploidization. Regardless of the mechanism of polyploid cell formation, it happens in response to genotoxic stresses and enhances a cancer cell's ability to survive. Here we summarize the recent progress in research of cell fusion and with a focus on an important role for polyploid cells in cancer metastasis. In addition, we discuss the clinical evidence and the importance of cell fusion and polyploidization in solid tumors.