History and Future of Spinal Cord Stimulation
Rushna Ali, Jason M. Schwalb
Abstract
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a surgical treatment for chronic neuropathic pain refractory to medical management. An SCS system comprised one or more leads implanted in the epidural space, typically connected to an implantable pulse generator. This review discusses the history, indications, surgical technique, technological advances, and future directions of SCS.
Topics & Concepts
MedicineSpinal cord stimulationSpinal cordNeuropathic painEpidural spaceStimulationRefractory (planetary science)NeuromodulationElectric stimulation therapyMedical therapySurgeryAnesthesiaInternal medicinePhysicsAstrobiologyPsychiatryPain Management and TreatmentMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies