Heterogeneously Catalyzed Pechmann Condensation Employing the HFe(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.4H<sub>2</sub>O-Chitosan Nano-Composite: Ultrasound-Accelerated Green Synthesis of Coumarins
Forough Zarei, Somayeh Soleimani‐Amiri, Zahra Azizi
Abstract
A heterogeneous magnetic HFe(SO4)2.4H2O-chitosan nano-composite (HFe(SO4)2.4H2O-Ch NCs) was designed and synthesized through a facile and economical two-steps procedure. The synthesized HFe(SO4)2.4H2O-Ch NCs was identified by XRD, EDX, FT-IR, VSM, SEM, TEM, and TGA techniques. The resulting HFe(SO4)2.4H2O-Ch NCs was applied as an efficient nano-catalyst in the green synthesis of coumarin derivatives through pechmann condensation under solvent-free conditions at 100 °C, and also with ultrasonic-assisted at 70 °C. High yields of the products, short reaction times, and mild reaction conditions were perceived in both methods. The ability of detachment, recycling, and reuse of the nano-catalyst was investigated under reaction conditions.