Advancing precision oncology: Insights into the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy outcomes

Abstract

The tumor microenvironment represents a dynamic and multifaceted milieu characterized by the complex interactions of diverse cellular and non-cellular constituents.1,2 These constituents include tumor cells, microorganisms, immune and other stromal cells, and extracellular matrices. The orchestration of these components intricately contributes to tumor evolution and shapes responses to cancer treatment (Figure 1). A better understanding of the tumor microenvironment is critical to elucidate the etiology of cancer and develop more efficient therapeutic strategies.

Topics & Concepts