Multifunctional hydrogel systems: Integrating nutrient delivery, soil enhancement, and climate resilience in modern agriculture

Abstract

Modern agriculture faces critical challenges from climate change, water scarcity, and soil degradation that threaten global food security for the projected 9.7 billion people by 2050. This review examines multifunctional hydrogel systems as an innovative solution that integrates water retention, nutrient delivery, and soil enhancement to address these agricultural challenges. This review explores the multifaceted applications of hydrogels in agriculture, highlighting their potential to transform farming practices in both developed and developing regions through enhanced water retention, improved soil health, increased crop resilience, and optimized resource utilization. We examine the interdisciplinary research that underpins hydrogel development, spanning materials science, agronomy, environmental science, and climate adaptation. The review also delves into the alignment of hydrogel technology with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), emphasizing its role in achieving food security, water sustainability, and climate resilience. Despite the promising benefits, the commercialization of hydrogels faces significant challenges, including high production costs, scalability issues, market acceptance, and regulatory barriers. However, ongoing advancements in biodegradable and eco-friendly hydrogels, coupled with innovative production methods and supportive policy frameworks, offer a pathway toward overcoming these hurdles. By fostering collaboration between researchers, industry stakeholders, and policymakers, hydrogel technology can play a pivotal role in creating a more sustainable and resilient agricultural future. This review underscores the importance of hydrogels as a key component in the global effort to achieve sustainable agriculture, mitigate climate impacts, and ensure food security for the projected 9.7 billion people by 2050.

Topics & Concepts