Consensus Recommendations for the Clinical Management of Hematological Malignancies in Patients with DNA Double Stranded Break Disorders
Agata Pastorczak, Andishe Attarbaschi, Simon Bomken, Arndt Borkhardt, Jutte van der Werff ten Bosch, Sarah Elitzur, Andrew R. Gennery, Eva Hlaváčková, Arpád Kerekes, Zdenka Křenová, Wojciech Młynarski, Tomasz Szczepański, Tessa Wassenberg, Jan Loeffen
Abstract
Patients with double stranded DNA repair disorders (DNARDs) (Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) and Nijmegen Breakage syndrome (NBS)) are at a very high risk for developing hematological malignancies in the first two decades of life. The most common neoplasms are T-cell lymphoblastic malignancies (T-cell ALL and T-cell LBL) and diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Treatment of these patients is challenging due to severe complications of the repair disorder itself (e.g., congenital defects, progressive movement disorders, immunological disturbances and progressive lung disease) and excessive toxicity resulting from chemotherapeutic treatment. Frequent complications during treatment for malignancies are deterioration of pre-existing lung disease, neurological complications, severe mucositis, life threating infections and feeding difficulties leading to significant malnutrition. These complications make modifications to commonly used treatment protocols necessary in almost all patients. Considering the rarity of DNARDs it is difficult for individual physicians to obtain sufficient experience in treating these vulnerable patients. Therefore, a team of experts assembled all available knowledge and translated this information into best available evidence-based treatment recommendations.