Graphene Modification by Curcuminoids as an Effective Method to Improve the Dispersion and Stability of PVC/Graphene Nanocomposites
Sławomir Wilczewski, Katarzyna Skórczewska, Jolanta Tomaszewska, Magdalena Osial, Agnieszka Dąbrowska, Kostiantyn Nikiforow, Piotr Jenczyk, Hubert Grzywacz
Abstract
A large amount of graphene-related research is its use as a filler for polymer composites, including thin nanocomposite films. However, its use is limited by the need for large-scale methods to obtain high–quality filler, as well as its poor dispersion in the polymer matrix. This work presents polymer thin-film composites based on poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and graphene, whose surfaces were modified by curcuminoids. TGA, UV–vis, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, TEM, and SEM methods have confirmed the effectiveness of the graphene modification due to π–π interactions. The dispersion of graphene in the PVC solution was investigated by the turbidimetric method. SEM, AFM, and Raman spectroscopy methods evaluated the thin-film composite’s structure. The research showed significant improvements in terms of graphene’s dispersion (in solutions and PVC composites) following the application of curcuminoids. The best results were obtained for materials modified with compounds obtained from the extraction of the rhizome of Curcuma longa L. Modification of the graphene’s surface with these compounds also increased the thermal and chemical stability of PVC/graphene nanocomposites.