Antidiabetic Drugs in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Michail Michailidis, Despina Α. Tata, Despina Μoraitou, Dimitrios Kavvadas, Sofia Karachrysafi, Theodora Papamitsou, Patroklos Vareltzis, Vasileios Papaliagkas
Abstract
The public health burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease is steadily increasing worldwide, especially in the population of older adults. Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest a possible shared pathophysiology between the two diseases and an increased risk of AD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, in recent years, there has been a substantial interest in identifying the mechanisms of action of antidiabetic drugs and their potential use in Alzheimer's disease. Human studies in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease have shown that administration of some antidiabetic medications, such as intranasal insulin, metformin, incretins, and thiazolidinediones, can improve cognition and memory. This review aims to examine the latest evidence on antidiabetic medications as a potential candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.