γ-Fe <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> @Si-(CH <sub>2</sub> ) <sub>3</sub> @mel@(CH <sub>2</sub> ) <sub>4</sub> SO <sub>3</sub> H as a magnetically bifunctional and retrievable nanocatalyst for green synthesis of benzo[c]acridine-8(9 <i>H</i> )-ones and 2-amino-4 <i>H</i> -chromenes
Fatemeh Karimirad, Farahnaz K. Behbahani
Abstract
The present work describes the synthesis and characterization of melamine functionalized with sulfonic acid supported on the magnetic nanoparticle, γ-Fe2O3@Si-(CH2)3@melamine@butyl sulfonic acid nanoparticle as a green and retrievable bifunctional catalyst. This catalyst was assigned by FT-IR, XRD, EDX, TEM, VSM, CHN, and TGA analyses. In addition, the catalytic activity of this new catalyst was investigated for the synthesis of 7,10,11,12-tetrahydrobenzo[c]acridine-8(9H)-ones from aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, dimedone and 1-naphthylamine in excellent yields and 2-amino-4H-chromenes were provided using manufactured nanocatalyst in good-to-high yield under mild reaction condition. The γ-Fe2O3@Si-(CH2)3@melamine@butyl sulfonic acid heterogeneous catalyst showed the advantages such as very simple and eco-friendly due to use from magnetic nanoparticles as high reusability of the catalyst, magnetically separable catalyst, excellent yield, and mild reaction condition. The synthesis of some new derivatives of dibenzo[c]acridines and 2-amino-4H-chromenes in the presence of this nanocatalyst is also reported.