Agroecology and resilient supply chains: Building sustainability from farm to fork
Esther Ugo Alum
Abstract
Agroecology offers a transformative approach to building resilient and sustainable food supply chains by integrating ecological principles with social equity and local empowerment. As the global food system faces increasing challenges ranging from climate change and geopolitical instability to public health crises, agroecology provides a robust framework for fostering sustainability, reducing vulnerabilities, and enhancing food security. This review explores how agroecology can be harnessed to strengthen supply chains from farm to fork, focusing on the core elements of biodiversity, decentralized production, and sustainable farming practices. It discusses the role of innovation, such as digital tools and biotechnology, in complementing traditional agroecological practices, ensuring efficient and transparent systems without compromising ecological and social values. It highlights the need for supportive policies and institutional frameworks to scale agroecology globally, with particular emphasis on financial incentives, market access, and education. This review emphasizes the significance of balancing innovation with tradition, providing actionable steps for policymakers, farmers, and stakeholders to establish more resilient, equitable, and sustainable food systems. Ultimately, agroecology provides a pathway to strengthen global food security while fostering environmental stewardship and social justice. This review is based on the synthesis of 127 peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2025, selected from 47 academic journals indexed in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. These articles have a cumulative citation count exceeding 6300 and an average journal impact factor of 5.6.