Optimization of Seleno-chitosan-phytic acid nanocomplex for efficient removal of patulin from apple juice
Sara Hasanvand, Behzad Ebrahimi, Giti Paimard, Milad Rouhi, Zahra Hashami, Rezvan Zibaei, Zahra Roshandel, Reza Mohammadi
Abstract
A novel and effective adsorbent known as Seleno-chitosan-phytic acid nanocomplex (Se-CS-PA) has been developed specifically for efficiently removing patulin (PAT) from a simulated juice solution. The synthesis of Se-CS-PA nanocomplex was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analyses. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed using central composite design (CCD) to examine the impact of four independent variables (PA concentration, amount of nano-complex, duration of interaction between PAT and nano-complex, and initial concentration of PAT) on the removal of PAT . PA concentration of 0.1 % with 2.1 g Se-CS-PA nanocomplex according to RSM polynomial equation and apple juice with 25 μg.L -1 PAT yielded a remarkable adsorption rate of 94.23 % and 87.52 % respectively after 7 h. The process of PAT adsorption was explained using the pseudo-first-order model (R 2 = 0.8858) for the kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm (R 2 = 0.9988) for the isotherm model.