Dietary Exposure to Bifenthrin and Fipronil Impacts Swimming Performance in Juvenile Chinook Salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus tshawytscha</i>)
Jason T. Magnuson, Neil Fuller, Kara E. Huff Hartz, Sara E. Anzalone, Gregory W. Whitledge, Shawn Acuña, Michael J. Lydy, Daniel Schlenk
Abstract
) using a short-duration constant acceleration test and biochemical responses related to energetic processes (glucose levels) and liver health (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity). Chinook exposed to bifenthrin and bifenthrin and fipronil mixtures had a significantly reduced swimming performance, although not when exposed to fipronil alone. The AST activity was significantly increased in bifenthrin and mixture treatments and glucose levels were increased in Chinook following a mixture treatment, although not when exposed to fipronil alone. These findings suggest that there are different metabolic processes between bifenthrin and fipronil following dietary uptake that may influence toxicity. The significant reductions in swimming performance and increased levels of biochemical processes involved in energetics and fish heath could have implications for foraging activity and predator avoidance in wild fish at sensitive life stages.