Regulating the regulator: nitric oxide control of post‐translational modifications
Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta, Zsuzsanna Kolbert, Jörg Durner, Christian Lindermayr, Francisco J. Corpas, Renaud Brouquisse, Juan B. Barroso, Saima Umbreen, José M. Palma, John T. Hancock, Marek Petřivalský, David Wendehenne, Gary J. Loake
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is perfectly suited for the role of a redox signalling molecule. A key route for NO bioactivity occurs via protein S-nitrosation, and involves the addition of a NO moiety to a protein cysteine (Cys) thiol (-SH) to form an S-nitrosothiol (SNO). This process is thought to underpin a myriad of cellular processes in plants that are linked to development, environmental responses and immune function. Here we collate emerging evidence showing that NO bioactivity regulates a growing number of diverse post-translational modifications including SUMOylation, phosphorylation, persulfidation and acetylation. We provide examples of how NO orchestrates these processes to mediate plant adaptation to a variety of cellular cues.