Seawater Splitting for Hydrogen Generation Using Zirconium and Its Niobium Alloy under Gamma Radiation
Imran Ali, Gunel Imanova, T.N. Agayev, Anar Aliyev, S. H. Jabarov, Hassan M. Albishri, Wael Alshitari, Ahmed M. Hameed, Ahmed Alharbi
Abstract
Hydrogen production is produced for future green energy. The radiation–chemical yield for seawater without a catalyst, with Zr, and with Zr1%Nb (Zr = 99% Nb = 1%) were (G(H2) = 0.81, 307.1, and 437.4 molecules/100 eV, respectively. The radiation–thermal water decomposition increased in γ-radiation of the Zr1%Nb + SW system with increasing temperature. At T = 1273 K, it prevails over radiation processes. During the radiation and heat radiation heterogeneous procedures in the Zr1% Nb + SW system, the production of surface energetic sites and secondary electrons accelerated the accumulation of molecular hydrogen and Zr1%Nb oxidation. Thermal radiation and thermal processes caused the metal phase to collect thermal surface energetic sites for water breakdown and Zr 1%Nb oxidation starting at T = 573 K.