Red Phosphorus Anchored on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Bubble‐Carbon Nanotube Network for Highly Stable and Fast‐Charging Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Shuang He, Qian Liu, Zhe Cui, Kaibing Xu, Rujia Zou, Wei Luo, Meifang Zhu
Abstract
Abstract A nitrogen‐doped carbon bubble‐carbon nanotube@red phosphorus (N‐CBCNT@rP) network composite is fabricated, featuring an rP film embedded in a highly N‐doped CBCNT network with hierarchical pores of different sizes and interior void spaces. Highly N‐doped CBCNT with an optimized structure is utilized to achieve an ultrahigh rP content of 53 wt% in the N‐CBCNT@rP composite by the NP bond, which shows a record rP content for rP‐carbon composites by the vaporization–condensation process. When tested as an anode for lithium‐ion batteries, the N‐CBCNT@rP composite exhibits an ultrahigh initial Coulombic efficiency of 87.5%, high specific capacity, outstanding rate performance, and superior cycling stability at a high current density (capacity decay of 0.011% per cycle over 1500 cycles at 5 A g −1 ), which is the lowest capacity fading rate of those previously reported for rP‐based electrodes. The superior lithium‐ion storage performance of the N‐CBCNT@rP composite electrode is primarily attributed to its structure. The 3D hierarchical conducting network of the N‐CBCNT@rP composite with abundant N−P bonds endows the entire electrode with maximized conductivity for superior ion and electron transfer kinetics. Moreover, N‐CBCNT networks with hierarchical pores of different sizes can fix the location of rP, prevent agglomeration, and avoid volume expansion of rP.