Opacity dependence of transverse flow, preequilibrium, and applicability of hydrodynamics in heavy-ion collisions
Victor E. Ambruş, Sören Schlichting, Clemens Werthmann
Abstract
We evaluate the full opacity dependence of collective flow in high-energy heavy-ion collisions within a microscopic kinetic description based on the Boltzmann equation in the conformal relaxation time approximation. By comparing kinetic theory calculations to hydrodynamic and hybrid simulations for an average initial state, we point out shortcomings and inaccuracies of hydrodynamic models and present modified simulation setups to improve them.
Topics & Concepts
PhysicsOpacityBoltzmann equationKinetic theoryKinetic energyFlow (mathematics)Heavy ionConformal mapRelaxation (psychology)Transverse planeIonBoltzmann constantStatistical physicsMechanicsClassical mechanicsNuclear physicsComputational physicsTheoretical physicsThermodynamicsQuantum mechanicsEngineeringStructural engineeringMathematical analysisSocial psychologyPsychologyMathematicsHigh-Energy Particle Collisions ResearchQuantum Chromodynamics and Particle InteractionsGas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory