Cryptands on a Solid Support for the Separation of Europium from Gadolinium
D. Nuwangi Kulasekara, Aravind B. Kajjam, Sai Praneeth, Timothy M. Dittrich, Matthew J. Allen
Abstract
With the great demand for europium in green-energy technologies comes the need for innovative methods to isolate the elements. We introduce a solid–liquid extraction method using a 2.2.2-cryptand-modified solid support to separate europium from gadolinium using their differences in electrochemical potential. The method overcomes challenges associated with the separation of those two ions that have similar coordination chemistry in the +3 oxidation state. A competitive adsorption study in the cryptand system between Eu II /Eu III and Gd III shows greater affinity for Eu II relative to Gd III . After separation from Gd III, Eu was released by oxidizing Eu II to Eu III with 99.3% purity. The purity of separated Eu is unaffected by pH between pH 3.0 and 5.5. Overall, we demonstrate that by modifying a solid support with 2.2.2-cryptand, divalent europium can be separated from trivalent gadolinium based on the differences of affinities of 2.2.2-cryptand for the two ions.