Ice‐melt period dominates annual carbon dioxide evasion from clear‐water Arctic lakes
Jan Karlsson, H. A. Verheijen, David A. Seekell, Dominic Vachon, Marcus Klaus
Abstract
Abstract Current estimates of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) evasion from Arctic lakes are highly uncertain because few studies integrate seasonal variability, specifically evasion during spring ice‐melt. We quantified annual CO 2 evasion for 14 clear‐water Arctic lakes in Northern Sweden through mass balance (ice‐melt period) and high‐frequency loggers (open‐water period). On average, 80% (SD: ± 18) of annual CO 2 evasion occurred within 10 d following ice‐melt. The contribution of the ice‐melt period to annual CO 2 evasion was high compared to earlier studies of Arctic lakes (47% ± 32%). Across all lakes, the proportion of ice‐melt : annual CO 2 evasion was negatively related to the dissolved organic carbon concentration and positively related to the mean depth of the lakes. The results emphasize the need for measurements of CO 2 exchange at ice‐melt to accurately quantify CO 2 evasion from Arctic lakes.