A Wireless Power Transfer System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles with CC/CV Charging Based on Topology Switching
Jin Chang, Weizhe Cai, Haoyang Wang, Yingzhou Guo, Junhao Wu, Cancan Rong, Chenyang Xia
Abstract
To enhance the battery endurance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), this article addresses key issues in traditional wireless power transfer (WPT) systems. These issues occur during constant current/constant voltage (CC/CV) switching, such as poor stability, high payload, power loss, and charging instability. Accordingly, a WPT system based on topology switching is proposed. First, a lightweight compensation topology based on LCC-Series compensated topology (LCC-S) is designed. A tuning capacitor is incorporated, and two switches regulate the switching of the compensation capacitor to realize CC/CV mode transition. Meanwhile, the impedance matrix model is built to find optimal compensation component values, maximizing energy transfer. To reduce sensitivity to misalignment, a “+” shaped compensation coil is added to the basic 2 × 2 square coil array. It improves magnetic field uniformity and suppresses flux leakage. Experimental results show that the system achieves stable load-independent output. Within horizontal offset [−150, 150] mm and diagonal offset [−150√2, 150√2] mm, it keeps output power over 150 W and efficiency over 70%, with strong anti-misalignment ability. This system effectively solves key challenges such as endurance bottlenecks, complex CC/CV switching, and weak anti-misalignment. It offers a reliable technical solution for efficient charging of autonomous UAVs.