Key pathways towards sustainable processing of critical minerals
Faig Gasimov, RN Williams, Mittran G. Krishanan
Abstract
• AI-driven sentiment analysis evaluates corporate sustainability in mining reports. • Six drivers outline pathways to sustainable processing and circular economy. • Direct lithium extraction cuts CO 2 footprint to 500–3000 kg per tonne. • In-situ copper leaching reduces energy use by 75 % and water use by 78 %. • Sentiment metrics reveal sustainability performance variation across 17 mining firms. The global transition to renewable energy and electrification has placed unprecedented pressure on the mining sector to deliver critical minerals such as lithium and copper while simultaneously addressing the environmental and societal challenges inherent to traditional processing operations. This paper summarizes some key concepts and challenges that were presented as part of a keynote address at Critical Minerals’24 including a sentiment analysis assessed by artificial intelligence driven algorithms focused on copper extraction. Utilizing case studies from lithium and copper mining, the paper highlights emerging innovations in direct lithium extraction, in-situ leaching, and advanced water reuse systems. Our discussions emphasize the need for systemic transformation through technological advancements, transparent metrics, and stakeholder engagement. We suggest that by adopting key specific drivers as foundational principles, the mining industry has the opportunity to decisively lead the green innovation chain, creating long-term value for society and the environment. Six key drivers for this transformation are based on (1) Operations Powered by Renewable Sources; (2) Systemic Adoption of Corporate Purpose; (3) Welcoming Premium Pricing in Commodities Markets; (4) Pioneering Green Innovations on the Global Stage; (5) Focusing on Step-Change Technologies; and (6) Embracing Recycling and Circular Economy Practices. Through the lens of these drivers, this discussion paper explores how the industry can align with global sustainability goals while maintaining economic viability.