Carotenoids obtained from an ionic liquid-mediated process display anti-inflammatory response in the adipose tissue-liver axis
Leonardo M. de Souza Mesquita, Breno Picin Casagrande, Aline Boveto Santamarina, Marcela Nascimento Sertorio, Daniel Vitor de Souza, Laís Vales Mennitti, Andréa Jucá, Giovana Jamar, Débora Estadella, Daniel Araki Ribeiro, Sónia P. M. Ventura, Veridiana Vera de Rosso, Luciana Pellegrini Pisani
Abstract
feedstocks mediated by an ethanolic solution of an imidazolium-based IL. Thus, male Wistar rats were randomized in six different groups, supplemented or not by carotenoids extracted by IL or VOS, and fed by control- and/or high-fat-diets (HFD). The adipose tissue-liver axis was studied as a model to investigate the influence of the carotenoids on the levels of inflammation and oxidative stress markers. The main results showed that animals supplemented with carotenoids extracted with IL displayed improvements in serum parameters, besides lower metabolic efficiency, and antioxidant response on the liver, even when fed with HFD. However, animals supplemented with carotenoids extracted by VOS showed higher levels of pro-inflammatory markers and huge oxidative stress on the liver.