Reactive astrocytes induced by 2-chloroethanol modulate microglia polarization through IL-1β, TNF-α, and iNOS upregulation
Tong Wang, Qi Sun, Jinhan Yang, Gaoyang Wang, Fenghong Zhao, Yuhua Chen, Yaping Jin
Topics & Concepts
MicrogliaNeuroinflammationChemistryNitric oxide synthasep38 mitogen-activated protein kinasesCell biologyTumor necrosis factor alphaAstrocyteReactive oxygen speciesNeurogliaNitric oxideMAPK/ERK pathwayDownregulation and upregulationSignal transductionInflammationBiologyBiochemistryEndocrinologyImmunologyCentral nervous systemGeneOrganic chemistryNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsNeurological Disease Mechanisms and TreatmentsImmune Response and Inflammation