PHAROH lncRNA regulates Myc translation in hepatocellular carcinoma via sequestering TIAR
Allen T. Yu, Carmen Berasain, Sonam Bhatia, Keith Rivera, Bodu Liu, Frank Rigo, Darryl Pappin, David L. Spector
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common type of liver malignancy, is one of the most lethal forms of cancer. We identified a long non-coding RNA, Gm19705 , that is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and mouse embryonic stem cells. We named this RNA P luripotency and H epatocyte A ssociated R NA O verexpressed in H CC , or PHAROH . Depletion of PHAROH impacts cell proliferation and migration, which can be rescued by ectopic expression of PHAROH . RNA-seq analysis of PHAROH knockouts revealed that a large number of genes with decreased expression contain a Myc motif in their promoter. MYC is decreased in knockout cells at the protein level, but not the mRNA level. RNA-antisense pulldown identified nucleolysin TIAR, a translational repressor, to bind to a 71-nt hairpin within PHAROH , sequestration of which increases MYC translation. In summary, our data suggest that PHAROH regulates MYC translation by sequestering TIAR and as such represents a potentially exciting diagnostic or therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma.