The Impact of Anxiety and Depression in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Mandeep Singh Rahi, Bright Thilagar, Swetha Balaji, Sivaguha Yadunath Prabhakaran, Mayuri Mudgal, Suganiya Rajoo, Prashanth Reddy Yella, Palak Satija, Alsu Zagorulko, Kulothungan Gunasekaran
Abstract
Patients with COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) are at a higher risk of comorbid conditions such as anxiety and/or depression, which in turn increase their symptom burden and rehospitalizations compared to the general population. It is important to investigate the pathophysiology and clinical implications of mental health on patients with COPD. This review article finds that COPD patients with anxiety and/or depression have a higher rehospitalization incidence. It reviews the current screening and diagnosis methods available. There are pharmacological and non-pharmacologic interventions available for treatment of COPD patients with depression based on severity. COPD patients with mild depression benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation and cognitive behavioral therapy, whereas patients with severe or persistent depression can be treated with pharmacologic interventions.