Using near-infrared spectroscopy and a random forest regressor to estimate intracranial pressure
Filip A. J. Relander, Alexander Ruesch, Jason Yang, Deepshikha Acharya, Bradley Scammon, Samantha Schmitt, Emily Crane, Matthew A. Smith, Jana M. Kainerstorfer
Abstract
Significance: Intracranial pressure (ICP) measurements are important for patient treatment but are invasive and prone to complications. Noninvasive ICP monitoring methods exist, but they suffer from poor accuracy, lack of generalizability, or high cost. Aim: We previously showed that cerebral blood flow (CBF) cardiac waveforms measured with diffuse correlation spectroscopy can be used for noninvasive ICP monitoring. Here we extend the approach to cardiac waveforms measured with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Approach: Changes in hemoglobin concentrations were measured in eight nonhuman primates, in addition to invasive ICP, arterial blood pressure, and CBF changes. Features of average cardiac waveforms in hemoglobin and CBF signals were used to train a random forest (RF) regressor. Results: on CBF changes. Conclusions: This study provides a proof of concept for the use of NIRS in noninvasive ICP estimation.