Sila-, bora-, thio-, and phosphono-carboxylation of unsaturated compounds with carbon dioxide: An overview
Nan Shi, Wang Hai-Bin, Gao Li, Zhang Jing-Yao, Jianfeng Guo, Fang Wang, Abdol Ghaffar Ebadi
Abstract
Vicinal difunctionalization of unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds is a powerful and reliable strategy for the synthesis of highly functionalized skeletons from easily available feedstock alkenes and alkynes. In this context, an enormous effort has been put forth to develop difunctionalizing carboxylations of unsaturated compounds with CO 2 as a C1 building block that provides a facile approach to construction of highly functionalized carboxylic acid and derivatives. Among these carboxylation-based difunctionalizations, sila-, bora-, thio-, and phosphono-carboxylation reactions has attracted considerable attention because of wide spectrum of potential synthetic utilities of β-sila-, bora-, thio-, and phosphono-substituted carboxylic acid derivatives. The objective of this Mini-Review is to summarize recent advances and achievements in this attractive research arena with particular emphasis on the mechanistic features of reactions that may provide new insights into catalyst improvement and development.