Metallic nanomaterials – targeted drug delivery approaches for improved bioavailability, reduced side toxicity, and enhanced patient outcomes
George-Alexandru Croitoru, Diana-Cristina Pîrvulescu, Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu, Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu, Alexandru Mihai Antohi, Carmen-Larisa Nicolae
Abstract
This paper explores the integral role of metallic nanomaterials in drug delivery, specifically focusing on their unique characteristics and applications. Exhibiting unique size, shape, and surface features, metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) (e.g., gold, iron oxide, and silver NPs) present possibilities for improving medication efficacy while minimizing side effects. Their demonstrated success in improving drug solubility, bioavailability, and targeted release makes them promising carriers for treating a variety of diseases, including inflammation and cancer, which has one of the highest rates of mortality in the world. Furthermore, it is crucial to acknowledge some limitations of MNPs in drug delivery before successfully incorporating them into standard medical procedures. Thus, challenges such as potential toxicity, issues related to long-term safety, and the need for standardized production methods will also be addressed.