NPPA/atrial natriuretic peptide is an extracellular modulator of autophagy in the heart
Maurizio Forte, Simona Marchitti, Flavio Di Nonno, Rosita Stanzione, Leonardo Schirone, Maria Cotugno, Franca Bianchi, Sonia Schiavon, Salvatore Raffa, Danilo Ranieri, Salvatore Fioriniello, Floriana Della Ragione, Maria Rosaria Torrisi, Roberto Carnevale, Valentina Valenti, Francesco Versaci, Giacomo Frati, Carmine Vecchione, Massimo Volpe, Speranza Rubattu, Sebastiano Sciarretta
Abstract
knockout mice undergoing ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) show increased infarct size and reduced autophagy. Reactivation of autophagy by Tat-Beclin D11 limits I/R injury. We also found that the protective effects of NPPA in reducing infarct size are abrogated in the presence of autophagy inhibition. Mechanistically, we found that NPPA stimulates autophagy through the activation of TFEB (transcription factor EB). Our data suggest that NPPA is a novel extracellular regulator of autophagy in the heart.