Complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of Bacillus velezensis Lzh-5, a fungal antagonistic and plant growth-promoting strain
Dongying Zhao, Yutong Wu, Jie Qu, Lei Fang, Chaoyue Liu, Lin Zhang, Mingshuo Zhang, Jihua Wang, Zhenghua Li
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Plant diseases significantly and persistently impair product quality and yield across the globe. Employing antagonistic microorganisms represents an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach to pathogen management. In this study, Bacillus velezensis Lzh-5 was explored to understand the molecular underpinnings of its antagonistic activity and plant growth-promoting properties. RESULTS: We present the basic genomic profile of B. velezensis Lzh-5. Whole-genome analysis revealed that Lzh-5 possesses a 4,015,817 bp circular chromosome with a GC content of 46.0%, and an 8,933 bp circular plasmid with a GC content of 40.5%. A total of 3,998 genes were predicted, of which 3,881 (97.07%) are coding DNA sequences (CDSs). Through phylogenomic and comparative genomic analyses, strain Lzh-5 was confirmed as B. velezensis. The Lzh-5 genome harbors genes for cell wall-degrading enzymes. Additionally, 13 gene clusters responsible for secondary metabolite production were identified. Notably, a unique cluster (cluster 2) coding for an unknown compound was found exclusively in strain Lzh-5. Genes associated with plant growth enhancement, such as those involved in chemotaxis, motility, biofilm formation, phytohormone production, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, glycine betaine biosynthesis, and acetoin and 2,3-butanediol synthesis, were also identified. CONCLUSION: The basic characteristics of strain Lzh-5 genome were delineated through whole-genome sequencing. Our analysis indicates that the Lzh-5 genome encompasses various genes that promote plant growth, induce systemic resistance, and antagonize pathogens. Compared to other strains, several unique gene clusters in Lzh-5 may contribute to the discovery of novel bioactive compounds and offer a broader antagonistic spectrum. This investigation elucidates the antifungal and plant growth-promoting mechanisms of B. velezensis Lzh-5 at a genetic level, providing a theoretical foundation for further application in agricultural production.