PHASER: A Robust and Correspondence-Free Global Pointcloud Registration
Lukas Bernreiter, Lionel Ott, Juan Nieto, Roland Siegwart, César Cadena
Abstract
We propose PHASER, a correspondence-free global registration of sensor-centric pointclouds that is robust to noise, sparsity, and partial overlaps. Our method can seamlessly handle multimodal information, and does not rely on keypoint nor descriptor preprocessing modules. By exploiting properties of Fourier analysis, PHASER operates directly on the sensor's signal, fusing the spectra of multiple channels and computing the 6-DoF transformation based on correlation. Our registration pipeline starts by finding the most likely rotation r ∈ SO(3) followed by computing the most likely translation t ∈ R <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> . Both estimates, r, and t are distributed according to a probability distribution that takes the underlying manifold into account, i.e., a Bingham and a Gaussian distribution, respectively. This further allows our approach to consider the periodic-nature of r and naturally represents its uncertainty. We extensively compare PHASER against several well-known registration algorithms on both simulated datasets, and real-world data acquired using different sensor configurations. Our results show that PHASER can globally align pointclouds in less than 100 ms with an average accuracy of 2 cm and 0.5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sup> , is resilient against noise, and can handle partial overlap.