Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Meta-Aerogel with Leaf-Inspired Nanotrap Array Enables Efficient X-Ray Absorption
Li Xu, Junqi Zhao, Liqian Huang, Jianyong Yu, Yang Si, Bin Ding
Abstract
The increasing utilization of X-rays has generated a growing need for efficient shielding materials. However, the existing Pb-based materials suffer from a narrow X-ray absorbing range, high weight, and rigidity. Inspired by the natural leaf, which can efficiently absorb light through chlorophyll and carotenoids in confined cells, we engineer ultralight and superelastic nanofibrous Bi 2 O 3 /Gd 2 O 3 meta-aerogels (BGAs) with X-ray nanotrap arrays by manipulating the 3D confined assembly of 1D Bi 2 O 3 and Gd 2 O 3 nanofibers. The BGAs can synergistically absorb X-ray photons from complementary energy ranges into the nanotraps and induce cyclic collisions with Bi 2 O 3 and Gd 2 O 3 nanofibers, maximizing the effective X-ray attenuation. The meta-aerogel exhibits the integrated performance of efficient X-ray shielding efficiency (60–83%, 16–90 keV), ultralow density (10 mg cm –3 ), and superelasticity. The production of these meta-aerogels presents an avenue for the development of next-generation X-ray protective materials and the resolution of X-ray imaging systems.