Maculopapular eruptions associated to <scp>COVID</scp> ‐19: A subanalysis of the <scp>COVID‐Piel</scp> study
A. Català, Cristina Galván‐Casas, G. Carretero‐Hernández, Pedro Rodríguez‐Jiménez, Diego Fernández‐Nieto, Ana Rodríguez‐Villa Lario, Íñigo Navarro‐Fernández, Ricardo Ruíz‐Villaverde, Daniel Falkenhain‐López, Mar Llamas‐Velasco, L. Carnero‐González, J. García‐Gavín, Ofelia Baniandrés, Carlos González‐Cruz, V. Morillas‐Lahuerta, Xavier Cubiró, Ignasi Figueras‐Nart, Gerald Selda‐Enríquez, X. Fustà‐Novell, Mónica Roncero‐Riesco, Patrícia Burgos‐Blasco, J. Romaní, Joaquim Solà‐Ortigosa, I. García‐Doval
Abstract
A previous study has defined the maculopapular subtype of manifestations of COVID-19. The objective of our study was to describe and classify maculopapular eruptions associated with COVI-19. We carried out a subanalysis of the maculopapular cases found in the previous cross-sectional study. Using a consensus, we defined seven clinical patterns. We described patient demographics, the therapy received by the patient and the characteristics of each pattern. Consensus lead to the description of seven major maculopapular patterns: morbilliform (45.5%), other maculopapular (20.0%), purpuric (14.2%), erythema multiforme-like (9.7%), pytiriasis rosea-like (5.7%), erythema elevatum diutinum-like (2.3%), and perifollicular (2.3%). In most cases, maculopapular eruptions were coincident (61.9%) or subsequent (34.1%) to the onset of other COVID-19 manifestations. The most frequent were cough (76%), dyspnea (72%), fever (88%), and astenia (62%). Hospital admission due to pneumonia was frequent (61%). Drug intake was frequent (78%). Laboratory alterations associated with maculo-papular eruptions were high C-reactive protein, high D-Dimer, lymphopenia, high ferritin, high LDH, and high IL-6. The main limitation of our study was the impossibility to define the cause-effect relationship of each pattern. In conclusion, we provide a description of the cutaneous maculopapular manifestations associated with COVID-19. The cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 are wide-ranging and can mimic other dermatoses.