Neurodegenerative Diseases: Implications of Environmental and Climatic Influences on Neurotransmitters and Neuronal Hormones Activities
Emmanuel Ayodeji Ayeni, Ahmad M. Aldossary, Daniel A. Ayejoto, Lanre Anthony Gbadegesin, Abdullah A. Alshehri, Haya A. Alfassam, Henok Kessete Afewerky, Fahad A. Almughem, Muhammad Bello Saidu, Essam A. Tawfik
Abstract
Neurodegenerative and neuronal-related diseases are major public health concerns. Human vulnerability to neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) increases with age. Neuronal hormones and neurotransmitters are major determinant factors regulating brain structure and functions. The implications of environmental and climatic changes emerged recently as influence factors on numerous diseases. However, the complex interaction of neurotransmitters and neuronal hormones and their depletion under environmental and climatic influences on NDDs are not well established in the literature. In this review, we aim to explore the connection between the environmental and climatic factors to NDDs and to highlight the available and potential therapeutic interventions that could use to improve the quality of life and reduce susceptibility to NDDs.