Overarching control of autophagy and DNA damage response by CHD6 revealed by modeling a rare human pathology
Yulia Kargapolova, Rizwan Rehimi, Hülya Kayserili, Joanna Brühl, Konstantinos Sofiadis, Anne Zirkel, Spiros Palikyras, Athanasia Mizi, Yun Li, Gökhan Yiğit, Alexander Hoischen, Stefan L. Frank, Nicole Russ, Jonathan Trautwein, Bregje W.M. van Bon, Christian Gilissen, Magdalena Laugsch, Eduardo Gade Gusmao, Nataša Josipović, Janine Altmüller, Peter Nürnberg, Gernot Längst, Frank J. Kaiser, Erwan Watrin, Han G. Brunner, Álvaro Rada-Iglesias, Leo Kurian, Bernd Wollnik, Karim Bouazoune, Argyris Papantonis
Abstract
Members of the chromodomain-helicase-DNA binding (CHD) protein family are chromatin remodelers implicated in human pathologies, with CHD6 being one of its least studied members. We discovered a de novo CHD6 missense mutation in a patient clinically presenting the rare Hallermann-Streiff syndrome (HSS). We used genome editing to generate isogenic iPSC lines and model HSS in relevant cell types. By combining genomics with functional in vivo and in vitro assays, we show that CHD6 binds a cohort of autophagy and stress response genes across cell types. The HSS mutation affects CHD6 protein folding and impairs its ability to recruit co-remodelers in response to DNA damage or autophagy stimulation. This leads to accumulation of DNA damage burden and senescence-like phenotypes. We therefore uncovered a molecular mechanism explaining HSS onset via chromatin control of autophagic flux and genotoxic stress surveillance.