Release of a New Faba Bean Variety "Chourouk" Resistant to the Parasitic Plants Orobanche foetida and O. crenata in Tunisia
Moez Amri, Imen Trabelsi, Zouhaier Abbes, Mohamed Kharrat
Abstract
<ns2:p>Chourouk is a new faba bean variety (Vicia faba L. var. Minor) selected for resistance to broomrapes. It was developed from a cross between orobanche resistant breeding line selected by INRAT “XBJ90.03-20-1-1-1-1-1-1-D” and “19TB”, selected by INRA France for its resistance to Ascochyta blight and low tannin content and registered in the Tunisian plant variety catalogue. In field highly infested with Orobanche foetida, Chourouk produced 1.71 t/ha grain yield, representing 4.2 and 6.5 times the yield recorded on the susceptible checks Bachaar (0.41 t/ha) and Badi (0.26 t/ha) cultivars. It is more productive (42.5%) than the resistant check Najeh cultivar (1.2 t/ha). In non-infested field, O. foetida caused only 31.8% average yield losses for Chourouk against 55.5, 86.2 and 87.3% for the resistant check Najeh and the susceptible ones Bachaar and Badi, respectively. It showed also good resistance level against O. crenata and O. foetida under controlled conditions. A maximum of 11.3% of O. foetida seeds germination rate was recorded for Chourouk against 71.6% for Badi and 6% for Najeh. The difference in the behavior recorded for Chourouk under field and controlled conditions compared to Najeh suggests that other resistance mechanisms are involved in the resistance and merit to be studied in the future.</ns2:p>