Development of double network polyurethane–chitosan composite bioinks for soft neural tissue engineering
Kun-Chih Cheng, Yi‐Ming Sun, Shan‐hui Hsu
Abstract
value (∼0.64) and maintained good vitality (91.3%) of neural stem cells (NSCs) among various tPUs. The bioprinted tPU2 constructs facilitated cell proliferation (∼200% in 7 days) and neural differentiation of NSCs. Meanwhile, tPU2 formed double network composite hydrogels with gelatin or agarose, and the composite hydrogels showed good biocompatibility and achieved high-resolution (∼80 μm nozzle) bioprinting. In addition, a new series of double network polyurethane-chitosan composite (PUC) hydrogels were developed by combining tPU2 with a self-healing chitosan hydrogel. The PUC hydrogel demonstrated self-healing properties and bioprintability without the need for a post-crosslinking process. The bioprinted PUC composite hydrogel promoted cell proliferation (∼300% in 7 days) and neural differentiation of NSCs better than the tPU2 bioink. This study revealed new formulae of a polyurethane bioink and a polyurethane-chitosan composite bioink for 3D bioprinting and tissue engineering applications.