Effective demand response program addresing carbon constrained economic dispatch problem of a microgrid system
Tapas Chhualsingh, K. Srinivas Rao, P. S. M. Rajesh, Bishwajit Dey
Abstract
Electricity is produced, transferred, and delivered within a small geographic area using a constrained power distribution system called a microgrid. Such microgrids employed to guarantee that renewable energy sources (RES) are utilised to their fullest extent. Additional advantages of microgrids include reduced losses during transmission and related costs. The objectives of economic dispatch, emission dispatch, combined economic emission dispatch (CEED) founded on fractional programming (FP), and environmental constrained economic dispatch (ECED) are compared and contrasted in this study. The feasibility of a low-voltage microgrid system is examined for three situations. A novel, robust, and hybrid swarm-intelligence optimisation algorithm, based on merging the characteristics of the conventional grey-wolf optimizer (GWO), sine-cosine algorithm (SCA), and crow search algorithm (CSA), is used as a research optimisation tool. Results show that switching from a fixed pricing plan to a time-of-use (TOU) model resulted in a 15% less cost in production during the period of the research. When a portion of the microgrid customers engaged in the incentive-based demand response (IBDR) programme, further reductions in total generation costs and emissions were achieved. The peak demand was reduced by 3.5% as a result of participation in the IBDR programme, from 90kW to 86.863kW. and provided participants with incentives, according to numerical results.