Photonic crystal-based decoders: ideas and structures
Mohammad Javad Maleki, Mohammad Soroosh, Fariborz Parandin, Fatemeh Haddadan
Abstract
Recent developments in photonic crystal structures have enabled the implementation of optical decoders which possess superior features such as high contrast ratio and fast response. According to published reports, photonic crystal-based decoders exhibit contrast ratios higher than 20 dB and a response time as fast as 200 fs, making them an ideal candidate for high-speed processing applications. Resonant cavities and rings can be utilized to drop waves with high efficiency, thereby simplifying circuits and reducing the need for cross-connections. In this chapter, we provide an introduction to the decoding operation and its importance in various applications, followed by a discussion of fundamental features of photonic crystals such as photonic bandgap and the optical Kerr effect. We also consider the role of resonance in photonic crystals and present recent ideas and designed structures for the benefit of readers.