VicTR: Video-conditioned Text Representations for Activity Recognition
Kumara Kahatapitiya, Anurag Arnab, Arsha Nagran, Michael S. Ryoo
Abstract
Vision-Language models (VLMs) have excelled in the image-domain- especially in zero-shot settings- thanks to the availability of vast pretraining data (i.e., paired image-text samples). However for videos, such paired data is not as abundant. Therefore, video- VLMs are usually designed by adapting pretrained image- VLMs to the video-domain, instead of training from scratch. All such recipes rely on aug-menting visual embeddings with temporal information (i.e., image -+ video), often keeping text embeddings unchanged or even being discarded. In this paper, we argue the contrary, that better video- VLMs can be designed by focusing more on augmenting text, rather than visual information. More specifically, we introduce Video-conditioned Text Representations (Vi c TR): a form of text embeddings optimized w.r.t. vi-sual embeddings, creating a more-flexible contrastive latent space. Our model canfurther make use offreely-available semantic information, in the form of visually- grounded aux-iliary text (e.g. object or scene information). We evaluate our model on few-shot, zero-shot (HMDB-51, UCF-10l), short-form (Kinetics-400) and long-form (Charades) activ-ity recognition benchmarks, showing strong performance among video-VLMs.