Two-dimensional superlattice films of gold nanoparticle-polystyrene composites: a bioactive platform for bone homeostasis maintenance
Zaikai Zhuang, Zheng Li, Guangyu Gong, Qiangqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Caoxing Huang, Yusen Huang, Lei Tian, Peng Wang, Zhirui Guo, Qing Jiang
Abstract
Abstract Osseo-integration between the implant and bone is a crucial factor to create a strong, durable bond that allows the implant to function effectively. However, regular implant surface with poor osseo-integration ability may cause aseptic loosening, resulting in the failure of implants. Herein, a serial of macroscopic one-particle thick superlattice films generated by self-assembly of diverse size of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were termed as SFGs and were considered as bioactive implant coatings for enhancing osseo-integration. A hydroquinone-assisted seed method is established to fabricate homogenous GNPs with controllable sizes (20, 60, and 90 nm), which were further employed as building blocks to generate macroscopic one-particle thick superlattice films of GNPs (SFGs-20, SFGs-60, and SFGs-90) with the assistance of ploystryrene. The SFGs present a size-dependent performance on bone homeostasis, where SFGs-90 demonstrated the most pronounced facilitation of osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts as well as deactivation of osteoclasts compared with SFGs-20 and SFGs-60. Considering the universal applicability of SFGs for depositing on various substrates, these SFGs with enhanced osseo-integration capabilities could serve as a bioactive platform for surface modification of orthopedic implants, effectively addressing the issue of aseptic loosening. Graphical abstract Two-dimensional superlattice films of gold nanoparticle-polystyrene composites exhibit enhanced osteogenic-stimulation and osteoclastic-inhibition effects for regulating bone homeostasis maintenance.