Next‐Generation Probiotics: Microflora Intervention to Human Diseases
Huanchang Zhang, Yunfeng Duan, Cai Feng, Demin Cao, Lei Wang, Zhenyi Qiao, Qing Hong, Nan Li, Yuanrong Zheng, Miya Su, Zhenmin Liu, Baoli Zhu
Abstract
With the development of human genome sequencing and techniques such as intestinal microbial culture and fecal microbial transplantation, newly discovered microorganisms have been isolated, cultured, and researched. Consequently, many beneficial probiotics have emerged as next‐generation probiotics (NGPs). Currently, “safety,” “individualized treatment,” and “internal interaction within the flora” are requirements of a potential NGPs. Furthermore, in the complex ecosystem of humans and microbes, it is challenging to identify the relationship between specific strains, specific flora, and hosts to warrant a therapeutic intervention in case of a disease. Thus, this review focuses on the progress made in NGPs and human health research by elucidating the limitations of traditional probiotics; summarizing the functions and strengths of Akkermansia muciniphila , Faecalibacterium prausnitzii , Bacteroides fragilis , Eubacterium hallii , and Roseburia spp. as NGPs; and determining the role of their intervention in treatment of certain diseases. Finally, we aim to provide a reference for developing new probiotics in the future.