Short-Term Load Forecasting in Power Systems Based on the Prophet–BO–XGBoost Model
Shuang Zeng, Chang Liu, Heng Zhang, Baoqun Zhang, Yutong Zhao
Abstract
To tackle the challenges of limited accuracy and poor generalization in short-term load forecasting under complex nonlinear conditions, this study introduces a Prophet–BO–XGBoost-based forecasting framework. This approach employs the XGBoost model to interpret the nonlinear relationships between features and loads and integrates the Prophet model for label prediction from a time-series viewpoint. Given that hyperparameters substantially impact XGBoost’s performance, this study leverages Bayesian optimization (BO) to refine these parameters. Using a Gaussian process-based surrogate model and an acquisition function aimed at expected improvement, this framework optimizes hyperparameter settings to enhance model adaptability and precision. Through a regional case study, this method demonstrated improved predictive accuracy and operational efficiency, highlighting its advantages in both runtime and performance.