Specific wave profiles and closed-form soliton solutions for generalized nonlinear wave equation in (3+1)-dimensions with gas bubbles in hydrodynamics and fluids
Sachin Kumar, Ihsanullah Hamid, M.A. Abdou
Abstract
Nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) are frequently employed to determine the fundamental principles of natural phenomena. Nonlinear equations are studied extensively in nonlinear sciences, ocean physics, fluid dynamics, plasma physics, scientific applications, and marine engineering. The generalized exponential rational function (GERF) technique is used in this article to seek several closed-form wave solutions and the evolving dynamics of different wave profiles to the generalized nonlinear wave equation in (3+1) dimensions, which explains several more nonlinear phenomena in liquids, including gas bubbles. A large number of closed-form wave solutions are generated, including trigonometric function solutions, hyperbolic trigonometric function solutions, and exponential rational functional solutions. In the dynamics of distinct solitary waves, a variety of soliton solutions are obtained, including single soliton, multi-wave structure soliton, kink-type soliton, combo singular soliton, and singularity-form wave profiles. These determined solutions have never previously been published. The dynamical wave structures of some analytical solutions are graphically demonstrated using three-dimensional graphics by providing suitable values to free parameters. This technique can also be used to obtain the soliton solutions of other well-known equations in engineering physics, fluid dynamics, and other fields of nonlinear sciences.