Asymmetric Autocatalysis as a Link Between Crystal Chirality and Highly Enantioenriched Organic Compounds
Kenso Soai, Arimasa Matsumoto, Tsuneomi Kawasaki
Abstract
Abstract The origin of biological homochirality has attracted much attention. Pyrimidyl alkanols exhibit asymmetric autocatalysis with significant amplification of enantiomeric excess in the reaction between pyrimidine‐5‐carbaldehyde and diisopropyl zinc (the Soai reaction). Chiral inorganic crystals such as quartz, cinnabar and sodium chlorate act as chiral triggers of asymmetric autocatalysis to afford highly enantioenriched pyrimidyl alkanol, with the absolute configurations corresponding to those of the chiral crystals. Chiral organic crystals composed of achiral organic compounds such as cytosine, adenine dinitrate, and γ‐glycine act as the chiral triggers of the Soai reaction to afford pyrimidyl alkanol with high ee that corresponds to the absolute configuration of the chiral trigger. This review describes that chiral minerals and chiral organic crystals act as the chiral triggers of the Soai reaction and that these chiral crystals are correlated to near‐enantiopure chiral organic compounds.